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Source: United Press International - Health News The U.S. and China are considering measures to prevent their artificial intelligence competition from escalating into an uncontrollable crisis, The Wall Street Journal reported Tuesday. The two governments share concerns that powerful AI models could trigger crises neither side can manage. Officials are discussing whether to formally address the is…

BackgroundCoronary microvascular recovery is essential for cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction (MI), but the endogenous signals driving endothelial cell (EC) cycle reentry remain elusive. While tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is typically considered a pro-inflammatory mediator, its biological effects are profoundly influenced by protein conformation. In this study, we identify a novel p…

IntroductionSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years as visualizable and controllable organic nanocarriers. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI), as a quantitative imaging method, enables visual and quantitative characterization of carriers. The quantitative imaging capability of carriers is critically crucial for precise quantitative local…

IntroductionGlucocorticoids serve as the first-line clinical treatment for asthma; however, 5%–10% of asthma patients respond poorly to glucocorticoids, and their underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated whether glucocorticoids can induce airway epithelial endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related apoptosis to decrease their efficacy in treating asthma.MethodsWe established a BALB/c …

IntroductionTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating neuropathic pain disorder traditionally attributed to neurovascular compression; however, this mechanism does not fully explain the marked clinical heterogeneity or persistent pain observed in a subset of patients. Increasing evidence suggests that central neuroinflammatory processes contribute to neuropathic pain, but immune profiles in the…

BackgroundAnti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI) is a major adverse event in children receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy, but pediatric pharmacogenetic evidence remains limited.MethodsWe studied 192 children receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment, including 31 with ATB-DILI and 161 without DILI. After quality control, 86 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were tested for association …

Although global antimicrobial resistance strategies increasingly emphasize multisectoral and systems-level responses, the role of administrative and governance-driven interventions within antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) remains relatively underexplored in the literature. Successful antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can only be achieved through multi-stakeholders’ efforts, administration, …

IntroductionARHGEF12 variants, which regulate the RhoA/ROCK pathway, are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in individuals of African ancestry and may influence response to Rho-kinase inhibitors such as netarsudil.MethodsWe analyzed 1,844 African ancestry subjects with POAG, comparing baseline demographic and ocular phenotypes across ARHGEF12 genotype groups (non-carriers, heteroz…

Advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains among the most formidable challenges in oncology, driven by a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and pervasive resistance to systemic and local therapies. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can synergize with radiotherapy (RT) in several malignancies, the clinical benefit of immunoradiotherapy (iRT) in PDAC …

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central plasticity program in cancer. It enables carcinoma cells to acquire migratory, invasive, immunomodulatory, and therapy-resistant phenotypes. As a result, EMT is a key driver of metastatic progression and poor prognosis. This overview summarizes recent mechanistic innovations across EMT-inducing transcription factors (SNAIL, SLUG, TWIST, ZEB…

Vaccine development has traditionally been a lengthy and resource-intensive process, often struggling to keep pace with rapidly emerging infectious threats. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) offer new opportunities to transform this landscape by enabling faster, more precise, and data-driven approaches to vaccine design. This review examines how AI is being applied across key stages…

BackgroundWhile proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) effectively lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the anti-inflammatory effects and impact on early cardiac remodeling of PCSK9i remain unclear. This study in…

BackgroundVascular calcification (VC) is a major cardiovascular complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Senescence-associated vascular changes have been increasingly implicated in CKD-related VC. Naringenin, a natural flavonoid with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, has shown protective effects in several age-related disorders, but its role and mechanism in CKD-associated VC …

BackgroundAberrant VSMC proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching drive vascular remodeling. Oxidative stress is pivotal, but effective antioxidants are limited.MethodsA catalase-loaded nanocapsule (CAT-nc) was developed for sustained ROS scavenging in Ang II-induced VSMCs.ResultsCAT-nc reduced ROS, inhibited proliferation/migration, restored contractile phenotype via PTEN reactivation a…

Genetic fusion involving the ROS1 gene lead to the constitutive activation of its encoded tyrosine kinase, thereby acting as an oncogenic driver that promotes tumor cell proliferation. Numerous missense mutations in ROS1 are currently classified as variants of unknown significance, especially, mutations in kinase domain are crucial mediators of the resistance of ROS1 fusion-positive cancers to RO…

IntroductionHepatic cancer cells regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid kinases to promote proliferation and survival. The role of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase (PIP5K) in modulating the autophagy–Nrf2 antioxidant pathway remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of PIP5K on the ROS-dependent autophagy–Nrf2 axis using specific isoform inhibitors (PIP5K1A: IS…

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal malignancy with rising global incidence. Aberrantly activated aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of HCC, driving excessive lactate production and the formation of an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) that promotes malignant progression. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this metabolic axis is essential for developing targeted ther…

Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is one of the most common neurodegenerative illnesses, involves abnormal deposition of α-Synuclein and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Beyond this, there is increasing evidence that the gut-brain axis (GBA) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) interfere in disease initiation and progression. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota affects the intestine and t…

BackgroundPostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is driven by estrogen deficiency, enhanced osteoclastic activity, impaired osteoblast function, and persistent inflammatory signaling. Eucommia ulmoides extract (EUE) and soy isoflavones (Isf) are known to possess phytoestrogenic and anti—inflammatory properties, but their combined molecular effects on PMO remain unclear.MethodsAn ovariectomy—induced PM…